{"id":1345,"date":"2025-06-23T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/?p=1345"},"modified":"2025-07-03T09:10:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T09:10:52","slug":"smykovy-kruh-kammuv-kruh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/smykovy-kruh-kammuv-kruh\/","title":{"rendered":"Smykov\u00fd kruh neboli Kamm\u016fv kruh \u2013 v\u00fdznam a role p\u0159i bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 j\u00edzd\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Smykov\u00fd kruh (tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Kamm\u016fv kruh) je \u0161iroce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 teorie silov\u00fdch vektor\u016f, kter\u00e1 zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje velikost a sm\u011br pod\u00e9ln\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch sil p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na pneumatiku a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ud\u00e1v\u00e1 hranici p\u0159ilnavosti pneumatik. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku podrobn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00edme v\u00fdznam Kammova kruhu, jeho praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed a omezen\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bZa\u010dn\u011bme od z\u00e1klad\u016f: jak\u00e9 s\u00edly p\u016fsob\u00ed na pneumatiky b\u011bhem j\u00edzdy?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e si vysv\u011btl\u00edme samotn\u00fd pojem smykov\u00e9ho kruhu, je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 kr\u00e1tce si shrnout, jak\u00e9 s\u00edly na pneumatiky p\u0159i j\u00edzd\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed. Tyto s\u00edly lze rozd\u011blit do dvou kategori\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bP\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edly<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edly se projevuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed \u00fahel, pod kter\u00fdm vozidlo proj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed zat\u00e1\u010dkou. Pokud zaznamen\u00e1te neobvykl\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed vozidla p\u0159i zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o nedot\u00e1\u010divost nebo p\u0159et\u00e1\u010divost, kter\u00e9 zpravidla souvis\u00ed s <a href=\"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/nastaveni-podvozku\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"><strong>nastaven\u00edm podvozku<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bPod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i se\u0161l\u00e1pnut\u00ed plynu nebo brzdov\u00e9ho ped\u00e1lu p\u016fsob\u00ed na pneumatiky pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed t\u0159en\u00edm mezi b\u011bhounem a povrchem vozovky. P\u0159i prudk\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b rychlosti \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i nouzov\u00e9m brzd\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 jsou pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bCo je smykov\u00fd kruh (Kamm\u016fv kruh)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po pochopen\u00ed sil p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na pneumatiky m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ej\u00edt k vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pojmu smykov\u00fd kruh. Kriszti\u00e1n Enisz jej ve sv\u00e9 diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci definuje takto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bDefinice Kammova kruhu:<\/strong> \u201eKamm\u016fv kruh (\u2026) je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 teorie silov\u00fdch vektor\u016f, na jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b funguje mnoho stabiliza\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f vozidla. (\u2026) Kamm\u016fv kruh lze charakterizovat pomoc\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho sou\u010dinitele t\u0159en\u00ed a vztah\u016f mezi silami. (\u2026) Princip spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee pro dan\u00e9 vozidlo, povrch a pneumatiku lze na z\u00e1klad\u011b norm\u00e1lov\u00e9 s\u00edly stanovit maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017enou v\u00fdslednou horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edlu. To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad pro ur\u010den\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed brzdn\u00e9 s\u00edly, kterou lze aplikovat bez ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ilnavosti. N\u00e1zev poch\u00e1z\u00ed z toho, \u017ee maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edla bez v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ilnavosti se zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje kruhem.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u200bCo ukazuje smykov\u00fd kruh? Kamm\u016fv kruh je teorie, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010dit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u200bvelikost a sm\u011br pod\u00e9ln\u00fdch sil p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na pneumatiku,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>velikost a sm\u011br p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch sil,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a hranici p\u0159ilnavosti pneumatik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bJak interpretovat graf Kammova kruhu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typick\u00fd graf Kammova kruhu obsahuje tyto prvky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u200bFx: pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fy: p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u200bFhor: v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edla, kterou lze aplikovat bez ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159ilnavosti. Pokud tuto mez p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00edme, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k do\u010dasn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b kontroly nad vozidlem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bCo to znamen\u00e1 v praxi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mo\u017en\u00e1 si \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te: pro\u010d se t\u00edm v\u016fbec zab\u00fdvat? Odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1 \u2013 pochopen\u00ed tohoto principu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 k bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed j\u00edzd\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u200bPokud v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 s\u00edla (Fhor) z\u016fstane uvnit\u0159 kruhu, pneumatika si zachov\u00e1 p\u0159ilnavost \u2013 nevznikne smyk ani ne\u010dekan\u00e9 vybo\u010den\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u200bPokud s\u00edly p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed hranici kruhu, v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 s\u00edla p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed limit p\u0159ilnavosti, a \u0159idi\u010d m\u016f\u017ee do\u010dasn\u011b ztratit kontrolu nad vozidlem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159i ostr\u00e9m zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, kdy je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00edla, je vhodn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit rychlost \u2013 t\u00edm se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159i prudk\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b rychlosti (nap\u0159. p\u0159i nouzov\u00e9m brzd\u011bn\u00ed), kdy jsou pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 s\u00edly vysok\u00e9, je lep\u0161\u00ed vyhnout se ostr\u00fdm zat\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1m \u2013 abychom minimalizovali p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tyto rady v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko smyku, ale pro maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost nezapome\u0148te na kvalitn\u00ed pneumatiky s dostate\u010dnou hloubkou dez\u00e9nu. Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si na\u0161i nab\u00eddku!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gumi.hu\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/kamm-kor-1-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"A Kamm-k\u00f6r felfedez\u00e9se Wunibald Kamm, sv\u00e1jci m\u00e9rn\u00f6k nev\u00e9hez f\u0171z\u0151dik.\" class=\"wp-image-11010\" style=\"width:1140px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Co je smykov\u00fd kruh?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teorie silov\u00fdch vektor\u016f, kter\u00e1 ukazuje velikost a sm\u011br pod\u00e9ln\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch sil p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na pneumatiku a hranici jej\u00ed p\u0159ilnavosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bJak\u00e1 jsou jeho omezen\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u010dkoliv je velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd, Kamm\u016fv kruh nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159esn\u011b popsat skute\u010dn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed pneumatik. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed citovan\u00e1 diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, v praxi s\u00edly sp\u00ed\u0161e tvo\u0159\u00ed elipsu ne\u017e ide\u00e1ln\u00ed kruh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u200bKdo je objevitelem Kammova kruhu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wunibald Kamm, \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd automobilov\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr a odborn\u00edk na aerodynamiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u200bVyberte si z na\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddky zimn\u00edch pneumatik na <a href=\"http:\/\/www.1pneu.cz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">www.1pneu.cz<\/mark><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zjist\u011bte, co je smykov\u00fd kruh (Kamm\u016fv kruh), jak funguje p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro bezpe\u010dnost j\u00edzdy. Praktick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed sil p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch na pneumatiky a jejich p\u0159ilnavosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[77,79,36],"tags":[129,130,131],"class_list":["post-1345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pneumatiky","category-technicky-poradce","category-zajimavosti","tag-kammuv-kruh","tag-prilnavost-pneumatik","tag-smykovy-kruh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1345"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1345\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1469,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1345\/revisions\/1469"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1pneu.eu\/pneublog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}